Paratyphoid
Infection
g
Causative agent – Salmonella typhimurium
Transmission
g
Humans, rhodents, wild birds, insects,
pigeons, water and feed are the sources of infection.
Signs
g
Affected birds are depressed, reluctant to
move, have ruffled feathers and drooped wings.
g
Diarrhoea with pasting of vent.
chickens are drowsy, with eyes closed, ruffled feathers and grouped near the sources of heat. |
Gross Lesions
g
Visible lesions are not a must but one can see septicemic carcass with swollen liver, spleen, lungs and kidneys.
In the liver, hyperaemia, subcapsular haemorrhages and dystrophy |
g
Inflamed unabsorbed yolk sac is a common
feature.
g
The most characteristic feature is typhilltis.
g
Caeca distended with hard white necrotic
cores.
caeca are filled with gelatinous, fibrinous, cheese-like exudate. This is a finding, characteristic for salmonellosis, |
g
Septicaemia, pericarditis and perihepatitis.
Histopathology
g Congestion, haemorrhages, infiltration of
mononuclear cells with degenerative changes and focal areas of necrosis in
liver.
g
Catarrhal enteritts with inflammatory cells
and necrosis.
g
Degenerative changes and focal areas of
necrosis with hyperemia and presence of a few inflammatory cells in heart.
Diagnosis
g
Confirmation by isolation and identification
of causative agent
g
Liver, gall bladder, yolksac, intestines,
caecal contents are the best sites for isolation of the organism.
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